25. Detection and Stratification of Antibodies in Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia in Chronic Lymphocytic Lukemia
Arsala Rashid1, Humera Rafiq2, Mukarrama Rashid3, Sobia Ashraf1 and Ambreen Hamid1
ABSTRACT
Objective: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is characterized by proliferation, accumulation and sustained increase of morphologically mature but functionally incompetent lymphocytes. Autoimmune phenomena are well-known complications of lymphoproliferative diseases. Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia is the most frequent autoimmune disorder associated with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
Study Design: Detection of frequency of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Oncology, King Edward Medical University and Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Oncology Lahore from January 2013 to December 2016.
Materials and Methods: One hundred adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were enrolled. All patients age above 18 years to 85 years either gender and newly diagnosed cases and cold cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia included. Patients on treatment or having being treated with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia were excluded.
Results: 82% were males and 18patients were female. Mean age was 65.8±1.33 years with the greatest number of patients falling in the group of 71-80 years. Out of total patients 27% had Coombs positive. Most of the patients having Coombs positive were in stage 4. The maximum number of patients had haemoglobin of 8.1 to 14 g/dl and 70% patients had TLC up to 100,000 ×103.The antibodies detected had the following percentages in terms of stratification. The antibody was of the IgG class in 85 of patients (85%) and C3d was present in 77 of them. IgM class in 15 patients (15%). Out of 15, only 8 showed presence of C3d.
Conclusion: The treatment modalities are different in different causes of anaemia and complications due to chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Therefore, detection and stratification of antibody is significant and related with disease progression and overall survival in number of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients.
Key Words: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, Antibodies.
Citation of article: Rashid A, Rafiq H, Rashid M, Ashraf S, Hamid A. Detection and Stratification of Antibodies in Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia in Chronic Lymphocytic Lukemia. Med Forum 2020;31(9):103-106.