41. Metformin- A Non-Conventional Drug for the Local Treatment of Periodontal Diseases: A Randomized Clinical Control Study
Faiza Hasan1, Rahila Najam2 and Shabana Usman Simjee2
ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop 1% gel and mouthwash of metformin in order to treat the periodontal diseases locally to avoid the systemic adverse effects associated with its oral use. Although metformin is not used in the treatment of periodontal disease but due to its unique anti-inflammatory effects an attempt was made to prepare the gel and mouthwash and applied it locally to treat gingivitis and periodontitis.
Study Design: Randomized control trial study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Crown Dental Clinic, Karachi and HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi conducted from March 2016 to September 2016.
Material and Methods: The local formulation of 1% metformin gel and mouthwash was developed. Patients were divided into four groups 1) Control group 2)Standard treatment group 3) Gel treated group4) Mouthwash treated group. The clinical and biochemical variables were measured at day 0 and after 30 days of treatment in the all groups.
Results: after 30 days highly significant reduction was observed in all clinical variables (p≤ 0.001) as compared to standard and control group by 1% metformin gel and mouthwash. After 30 days bleeding was also reduced (p≤ 0.001) by the standard treatment. Similar efficacy was observed in reducing the clinical variables by both preparations after 30 days of treatment (p≤ 0.001). the reduction in TNF-α,PGE2 and nitric oxide levelafter 30 days (p≤ 0.001)by 1% metformin gel and mouthwash when compared to standard and control group.Significant decrease in TNF-α level after 30 days (p≤ 0.001) was also observed by the standard treatment group.1% metformin gel found to be more effective in reducing the TNF-α and PGE2level (p≤ 0.001) when compared to 1% mouthwashwhereas metformin mouthwash found to be more effective in reducing the nitric oxide level (p≤ 0.001) as compared to gel. Conclusion: This research recommends that metformin due to its unique anti-inflammatory effects can be used in treating gingivitis and periodontitis.
Key Words: gingivitis, periodontitis, periodontal pocket depth, attachment loss, scaling and root planning, metformin
Citation of article: Hasan F, Najam R, Simjee SU. Metformin- A Non-Conventional Drug for the Local Treatment of Periodontal Diseases: A Randomized Clinical Control Study. Med Forum 2017;28(6):162-166.